First, "cognitive labor" is a form of labor - it's different vs. creative work, even though both use your mind. If your math theorem can be written up in partnership with an LLM, wow! You can be done with that, and go do other great work. Cognitive labor is a form of labor. Let's talk about physical labor and leverage to understand how removing labor translates to time. On your farm you buy a tractor to replace your backhoe. If it is a hobby farm you get in the tractor and you're done super fast. Or, you can take that tractor, buy a bigger farm, and spend the same amount of time you'd have spent backhoeing, but in a far more leveraged way. You can trade removed labor for time in a way that suits you.
Second; the joyful moments we get from finding generalizable abstractions and nice solutions are an adaptation. Humans can climb infinitely high conceptual hierarchies - we'll never stop climbing, using the previous ones as tools to find the next. As we do, we gain joy with each discovery because. We get so much done with brains that run on 20 watts - are we tuned to receive a neurochemical reward for finding cognitive efficiency? If AI means more concepts are discovered the tower gets taller - and we find those joyful moments more often. If there are infinite moments to be found, why not go as fast as possible!
Third; everyone else is doing it, it's a baseline skill. Knowing how to work without AI is like knowing how to ride a horse. Useful and fun! Bedsides - only 150ish years ago horses were the only viable transport. Cars were new; toys for the rich. But cars got so good so fast that we eventually reconfigured whole cities. Your homework is to consider why and how horses got disrupted.
New divisions are emerging in the lump of roles humans had at work. AI takes away roles from your job and lets us do more with less. That's identical to every mechanization before it. It's killing some roles that make up your work, even as it creates new ones.
There's so much to be excited about. Fear is a rational response to change. But so is hope :)
> AI takes away work and lets us do more with less - just like every mechanization that came before!
No, it's not the same as mechanization. The fundamental difference, and why I find it illogical to argue either for "AI will open up tons of new work avenues" or "AI will kill all jobs" is that it all hinges on whether AI "caps out" at an intelligence level below humans (in at least some domains/capabilities), or if it is able to surpass human intelligence at all levels.
If the former is true, then yes, there will be a lot for humans to do. If the latter is true, then no, there will be no reasonable cognitive role for humans to play (beyond perhaps for some legal, "nostalgic" reasons or what not). So whether one decides to be optimistic or pessimistic really depends on if you think AI will stay at a level below humans. I really don't know, so I'm not "taking sides" in this debate.
Reflecting on that a year later is interesting. Agents have become REALLY good since then, and I consider the "writing code" side of my profession to be largely annihilated. Some days that's really hard to accept.
But I think Grant's conclusion about math still largely echoes what I wrote about software: don't underestimate the social aspect of these activities, and if anything AI has made the social side more important. I deliberately avoided declaring, "now is the best time to learn to write code". I suspected that skill might be going out the window. But learning systems thinking and the social skills needed to connect people's dreams to reality continues to be an important art, an art I still have the privilege to practice every day.
And if we do reach the "anything you can do I can do better" stage, then, as Grant said, that's a hard to imagine world, and one where "it can write really good code" might be the least of our problems.
3blue1brown has the absolute most educational and entertaining videos. Always fascinated by his animations which are custom programmed by him. I also appreciate the diversity of topics covered from deep math to software to science.
I actually remember that in an old interview (that I can't find sorry) Grant Sanderson said he moved in to YouTube because he thought it was a more promising career than being mathematician, it's interesting to see his opinion change.
I suspect people who are deciding what to study will do so on the basis of a multifactor view of what interests them, how they predict their career will be after finishing said study etc.
There ought to be people watching his channel who wonder whether given all these AI advances math is even worth studying now.
Too early to tell, but IMO unlikely. Let's see what his take will be once an AI can propose a topic, write the script, animate, and narrate a good educational math video.
He won't care because he has established position and is set. It will be just like everybody else - if the individual is at the top of the food chain then he/she is all over it how you are using it wrong and how you should use it (don't forget to follow and subscribe).
Yep, that's what I see in the CS field -- people at the top are advocating AI and don't understand why the hell the others are hesitant. I meant the top engineers, not the management. I look up to them because of their skills, but that doesn't mean I need to agree with everything they said.
I tried watching 3b1b over the years, really wanted to enjoy it. But I never found the way he presents things intuitive and never got a palpable intuition that helped me with math classes or work.
I saw some clearly AI slop made videos and got much better understanding of topics, since they don't do foreshadowing for an awe-inspiring connection that we'd admire together after 15 min videos, the clankers just get to the point. Not claiming those videos are too useful either, but I did however see accelerated learning gains from asking LLMs to explain (and do Bret Victor-style small interactive demos) math and algos, something I have never experienced from any of the educational STEM Youtube channels.
In other news, there's never been a better time to be a software developer. Come to think of it, there's also never been a better time to invest in learning copy-editing and proof-reading as a side hustle. It's a Brave New World. Everything is fine, the demand just got expanded, the pie got bigger, nothing more. New doors will be opened, nothing has changed; in fact, everything improved. Stochastic parrots are no match for our carbon-based g.
I doubt demand expanded much. I mean there is just that many games/whatever apps that the whole humanity needs. Maybe ti will go up a bit, like 50%, but getting 10x (or very easily 1000x if we just vibe code them) in supply doesn't change that.
I mean if you read some history it’s not the first time complete workforces have been replaced. It doesn’t mean the same jobs stay, but usually there will be something to do.
A couple of thoughts in agreement..
First, "cognitive labor" is a form of labor - it's different vs. creative work, even though both use your mind. If your math theorem can be written up in partnership with an LLM, wow! You can be done with that, and go do other great work. Cognitive labor is a form of labor. Let's talk about physical labor and leverage to understand how removing labor translates to time. On your farm you buy a tractor to replace your backhoe. If it is a hobby farm you get in the tractor and you're done super fast. Or, you can take that tractor, buy a bigger farm, and spend the same amount of time you'd have spent backhoeing, but in a far more leveraged way. You can trade removed labor for time in a way that suits you.
Second; the joyful moments we get from finding generalizable abstractions and nice solutions are an adaptation. Humans can climb infinitely high conceptual hierarchies - we'll never stop climbing, using the previous ones as tools to find the next. As we do, we gain joy with each discovery because. We get so much done with brains that run on 20 watts - are we tuned to receive a neurochemical reward for finding cognitive efficiency? If AI means more concepts are discovered the tower gets taller - and we find those joyful moments more often. If there are infinite moments to be found, why not go as fast as possible!
Third; everyone else is doing it, it's a baseline skill. Knowing how to work without AI is like knowing how to ride a horse. Useful and fun! Bedsides - only 150ish years ago horses were the only viable transport. Cars were new; toys for the rich. But cars got so good so fast that we eventually reconfigured whole cities. Your homework is to consider why and how horses got disrupted.
New divisions are emerging in the lump of roles humans had at work. AI takes away roles from your job and lets us do more with less. That's identical to every mechanization before it. It's killing some roles that make up your work, even as it creates new ones.
There's so much to be excited about. Fear is a rational response to change. But so is hope :)
> AI takes away work and lets us do more with less - just like every mechanization that came before!
No, it's not the same as mechanization. The fundamental difference, and why I find it illogical to argue either for "AI will open up tons of new work avenues" or "AI will kill all jobs" is that it all hinges on whether AI "caps out" at an intelligence level below humans (in at least some domains/capabilities), or if it is able to surpass human intelligence at all levels.
If the former is true, then yes, there will be a lot for humans to do. If the latter is true, then no, there will be no reasonable cognitive role for humans to play (beyond perhaps for some legal, "nostalgic" reasons or what not). So whether one decides to be optimistic or pessimistic really depends on if you think AI will stay at a level below humans. I really don't know, so I'm not "taking sides" in this debate.
About a year ago I wrote something similar about software, "Now might be the best time to learn software development": https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44299979
Reflecting on that a year later is interesting. Agents have become REALLY good since then, and I consider the "writing code" side of my profession to be largely annihilated. Some days that's really hard to accept.
But I think Grant's conclusion about math still largely echoes what I wrote about software: don't underestimate the social aspect of these activities, and if anything AI has made the social side more important. I deliberately avoided declaring, "now is the best time to learn to write code". I suspected that skill might be going out the window. But learning systems thinking and the social skills needed to connect people's dreams to reality continues to be an important art, an art I still have the privilege to practice every day.
And if we do reach the "anything you can do I can do better" stage, then, as Grant said, that's a hard to imagine world, and one where "it can write really good code" might be the least of our problems.
3blue1brown has the absolute most educational and entertaining videos. Always fascinated by his animations which are custom programmed by him. I also appreciate the diversity of topics covered from deep math to software to science.
I actually remember that in an old interview (that I can't find sorry) Grant Sanderson said he moved in to YouTube because he thought it was a more promising career than being mathematician, it's interesting to see his opinion change.
What does it mean to "go into" math?
According to the video he means pursue it as an academic endeavor.
I suspect people who are deciding what to study will do so on the basis of a multifactor view of what interests them, how they predict their career will be after finishing said study etc.
There ought to be people watching his channel who wonder whether given all these AI advances math is even worth studying now.
Too early to tell, but IMO unlikely. Let's see what his take will be once an AI can propose a topic, write the script, animate, and narrate a good educational math video.
He won't care because he has established position and is set. It will be just like everybody else - if the individual is at the top of the food chain then he/she is all over it how you are using it wrong and how you should use it (don't forget to follow and subscribe).
Yep, that's what I see in the CS field -- people at the top are advocating AI and don't understand why the hell the others are hesitant. I meant the top engineers, not the management. I look up to them because of their skills, but that doesn't mean I need to agree with everything they said.
That's already happening. And we call it AI slop.
I tried watching 3b1b over the years, really wanted to enjoy it. But I never found the way he presents things intuitive and never got a palpable intuition that helped me with math classes or work.
I saw some clearly AI slop made videos and got much better understanding of topics, since they don't do foreshadowing for an awe-inspiring connection that we'd admire together after 15 min videos, the clankers just get to the point. Not claiming those videos are too useful either, but I did however see accelerated learning gains from asking LLMs to explain (and do Bret Victor-style small interactive demos) math and algos, something I have never experienced from any of the educational STEM Youtube channels.
"good"
EDIT: And don't get me wrong, I hope it doesn't happen for a long time, ideally never. But what would his arguments be if it does?
In other news, there's never been a better time to be a software developer. Come to think of it, there's also never been a better time to invest in learning copy-editing and proof-reading as a side hustle. It's a Brave New World. Everything is fine, the demand just got expanded, the pie got bigger, nothing more. New doors will be opened, nothing has changed; in fact, everything improved. Stochastic parrots are no match for our carbon-based g.
I doubt demand expanded much. I mean there is just that many games/whatever apps that the whole humanity needs. Maybe ti will go up a bit, like 50%, but getting 10x (or very easily 1000x if we just vibe code them) in supply doesn't change that.
Instead, people who sell shovels win big.
I mean if you read some history it’s not the first time complete workforces have been replaced. It doesn’t mean the same jobs stay, but usually there will be something to do.